Item: TKKM o Tupoho
Author: Education Review Office

Education Review Office reviews for TKKM o Tupoho in Manawatū-Whanganui, New Zealand.

Review 1 September 2021

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He Mātaitanga o te Reo Matatini me te Pāngarau: Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Tūpoho, i Whanganui

Te Horopaki o te Rangahau

E tū ana Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Tūpoho ki Whanganui. He kura rumaki reo Māori e whakarato ana i te mātauranga mā ngā tikanga whakaaro o Te Aho Matua, ki ngā ākonga o ngā tau 1 ki te 13, me ō rātou whānau. 149 ngā ākonga ki te rārangi ingoa o te kura, ā, he Māori te katoa. 17 ngā kaimahi whakaako.

Pērā i ngā kura rumaki reo Māori katoa, ko te reo Māori te reo whakaako. Ko te whāinga matua o Te Aho Matua, kia tū pakari, kia tū rangatira ngā ākonga katoa hei raukura mō ō rātou iwi. Ko ngā tikanga whakaaro o Te Aho Matua mō te whakaako me te ako, ka ahu mai i te rongomaiwhiti, i te motuhake hoki o ngā uara me ngā whakapono e whai ake nei: 

Ka hāngai Te Tino Uaratanga o Te Aho Matua ki: 

Te Ira Tangata – kia whakawhanake te ākonga i tōna oranga ā-tinana, ā-wairua, ā-hinengaro hoki, i tōna mōhio ki tōna mana āhua ake, ā, i te mātau, i te whakaute hoki ki a ia anō, ki ētahi atu
Te Reo Māori - kia mātau te ākonga ki te whakaaro, ki te kōrero, ki te pānui, me te tuhi i roto i te reo Māori me te reo Tauiwi
Ngā Iwi - kia mau tūhonohono te here o te ihomatua o te ākonga ki ōna mātua tūpuna, ā, ki ngā tūmanako me ngā wawata hoki o te whānau, o te hapū, me te iwi
Te Ao - kia mōhio te ākonga ki ngā tirohanga moroki me ngā tirohanga tuku iho o te ao Māori, o te ao whānui, o te ao tūroa, o tōna nā ao tonu
Āhuatanga Ako - E whakaihiihia ana te hinengaro o te ākonga ki tētahi taiao e āta poipoi ana i te ako.

E hāpaitia ana ngā ākonga kia tupu ō rātou pūmanawa ake me ō rātou pitomata ake, kia hāngai ai ēnei ki ngā wawata o te hiringa i whakaraupapahia ai ki Te Tino Uaratanga. Kei te tūmāia ngā ākonga nā tō rātou mōhio ki a rātou anō, ā, ki ō rātou tūrangawaewae hoki. E whanake ana tō rātou mātau ki te whakawhitiwhiti whakaaro mā te reo Māori, ā, ka whakapūmau rātou i ngā hononga papai ki ētahi atu.

Nō te Hōngongoi o te tau 2021 te rōpū rangahau i toro atu ai ki Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Tūpoho, ā, i kōrero rātou ki ngā kaiako tokorua o te reo matatini me te pāngarau ki te kura, hei āta kapo atu i ā rāua tirohanga.

Ngā Kitenga: Te Reo Matatini

Te angitu mō ngā ākonga o Te Reo Matatini

E ai ki ngā kaiako me ngā kaiārahi, ko te angitu ki tā rātou titiro i roto i te reo matatini, e whai pānga ana ki te kite i te ākonga e noho maioha ana ki te reo matatini me te reo Māori. He mārama ngā wawata o te kura me te whānau mō ngā ākonga, arā:

Kia mātau ki te reo Māori
Kia eke angitu hei whakatutuki i ō rātou pitomata
Kia ngākau titikaha, kia mōhio hoki ki tō rātou tuakiri

I tautuhia e te kura me te whānau ngā tūāhuatanga matua i whai wāhi atu ai, arā, ko ngā hōtaka akoranga e whakaongaonga ana, e whai pānga nui ana hoki ki ngā ngākau nuitanga o ngā ākonga. Ka oke ngā kaiako kia arahina ngā akoranga a ngā ākonga ki ngā whāinga ake o ia ākonga.

“Kei ia tamaiti tana ake ahurei, tana whāinga me ōna pūkenga.” – te reo o te Kaiako

Ka whakarato ngā kaiako i ngā wheako ako tūturu e hāngai ana ki tō rātou nā takiwā, ā, e hāpai ana hoki i te whai pūtaketanga ake, i te whai pānga ake hoki o ngā hononga ako ki ngā ākonga. Ka arotahi ngā kaiako ki te āta whakarite i te whakawhanaketanga o ngā ākonga i ō rātou āheinga ki te kōkiri i ō rātou ake huarahi ako, ā, ko tā te kaiako mahi, he whakatinana i ngā tikanga whakaako e whai hua ana, hei āta tautoko mārika i ngā ākonga.

E ai ki tēnei kura, kei te eke te nuinga o ngā ākonga ki tua atu i ngā tūmanako, nā te tautoko e whakaratohia ana e te kura me te whānau.

He aha te whakaratonga o Te Reo Matatini i tēnei wā?

Kei te arotahi ngā kaiako me ngā kaiārahi ki te whakarato i ngā whai wāhitanga tūturu o te reo matatini e whai pānga ana, e whai pūtake ana. I tēnei kura, ka hāngai ngā whakaakoranga me ngā akoranga ki ngā taumata me ngā aromatawai o Te Taumata Mātauranga ā-Motu kua Taea, engari e hiahia ana rātou ki te whakawhiti atu ki tētahi hōtaka akoranga e noho motuhake ake ana, e noho torowhānui ake ana hoki mō ngā ākonga. E ahu whakamua ana te kura nei ki te whakawhanake i tētahi marau ā-kura, ā, e takune ana rātou ki te tuitui ake i ngā kaupapa ako me te mātauranga Māori. E whakariterite ana te kura nei ki te āta whakatō i te reo matatini, puta noa i ngā hōtaka akoranga katoa, hei āta whakarite i te aronga nui ake ki te ngā wheako ako tūturu mā ngā ākonga. He mārama ngā wawata o te kura me te whānau, mō te toro atu ki ngā mātauranga, ngā hītori, me ngā tohu whenua o te hapori tonu, hei āta whakapūmau i te whai pānga, i te hāngai tika anō hoki o ngā horopaki ako. E hāpai ana aua tūmomo wheako ako i te whakawhanaketanga o ngā ākonga i tō rātou tino mōhiotanga tuakiri.

“He tino angitū, te tihi o te maunga, ngā hiahia o te whānau ... ko te reo, te ekenga o te tamaiti me te hono ki te kāinga.” – te reo o te Kaiako

He aha ngā āhuatanga e tika ana mō te whakapuakitanga o te kounga kairangi o ngā whakaakoranga me ngā akoranga o Te Reo Matatini?

E whakaae ana ngā kaiako me ngā kaiārahi katoa, me whiwhi i ngā rauemi, i te whakawhanaketanga ako ngaio hoki e tika ana, e whai pānga ana, hei hāpai i te whakapuakitanga o ngā hōtaka whakaako me ngā hōtaka akoranga o te kounga kairangi. E ai ki ngā kaiako, kāhore he rauemi e tika ana, he whakawhanaketanga ako ngaio rānei e wātea ana i roto i te reo matatini, ā, e whakapono ana rātou me hāngai ake te titiro ki te whakarato i aua tūāhuatanga mā roto mai anō hoki i te horopaki o Te Aho Matua.

Kua whakapā atu ngā kaiako ki ngā mātanga i ētahi atu kura, hei hāpai i te whakatairanga ake o te tikanga ako me ngā hōtaka a ngā kaiako. Ka whai hua anō hoki ki ngā kaiako, ko te taetae atu ki ngā wānanga reo ki te taha o ngā kaiako nō ētahi atu kura.

Ngā Kitenga: Pāngarau

He pēhea rawa te āhua o te angitu mō ngā ākonga i roto i te pāngarau?

He tino whakapono tō ngā kaiako me ngā kaiārahi kia whai te angitu o te ākonga i te tūāpapa pakari i roto i te pāngarau, ā, nā taua āhuatanga he mea matua kia pakari ngā mōhiotanga me ngā pūkenga o ngā ākonga i roto i ngā wāhanga katoa o te pāngarau. He mea nui kia hāpaitia, kia whakawhānuitia hoki ngā ākonga i roto i ā rātou akoranga. Ko tā te kura e tūmanakohia ana, kia eke angitu ngā ākonga katoa, ā, kia pai hoki ngā whakatutukitanga i roto i Te Taumata Mātauranga ā-Motu kua Taea. Ka eke te nuinga o ngā ākonga ki tua atu i aua tūmanako, nā te kaha tautoko mai o te whānau i ngā ākonga. Ki tā rātou titiro, ko ngā tūāhuatanga e whakawhanake ai i aua pūmanawa, ko:

Te whakarato i ngā hōtaka whakaako i whakahāngai nuitia ai ki Te Aho Matua – ka hāpai i te hihiri me te pārekareka i roto i te pāngarau
Te whakatōpūtanga o ngā whakaakoranga puta noa i te kura – e arotahi ana ki te whenu kotahi i ia wā
Te whakarato i ētahi atu tautoko, i ngā whakatakotoranga hoki e āwhina ai i ngā ākonga e rongo ana i ngā whēuaua, mā tā rātou hōtaka ā-kura e kīia ana ko ‘Aka Matua’

He aha te whakaratonga o te pāngarau i tēnei wā?

E whakaakona ana te pāngarau hei kaupapa e tū taratahi ana, ā, kua whakahāngaitia ki ngā taumata o Te Taumata Mātauranga ā-Motu kua Taea. E toru ki te whā hāora te roanga o te noho tahi o ngā ākonga me ngā kaiako i ia wiki mō ngā akoranga o te pāngarau. Ka whakamahi ngā kaiako i te whānuitanga o ngā tūmomo rautaki e whai hua ana ki te hāpai i ngā akoranga a ngā ākonga, ā, e whakapakari ana hoki i te āheinga o ngā ākonga ki te kōkiri i ā rātou ake akoranga. Ka whakamahia ngā kēmu matihiko puta noa i ngā akoranga, ā, mā ērā ngā ākonga e whai wāhi nui atu ki ngā ariā o te pāngarau. Ka whakamahi ngā kaiako o tēnei kura i te whānuitanga o ngā tūmomo rauemi matihiko hei hāpai i ngā ākonga.

“Ka mahi i te koa o te ngākau, mahi kēmu kia hari koa, i mua i te tīmatanga kei whakaatu he hei tiki, me te pono tētahi tamaiti ki te reri, pai kē mā te tamaiti e raru ana ka aro ki mahi kē.” – te reo o te Kaiako

I tēnei wā e whakamātau ana ngā kaiako i ngā huarahi ki te whakapuaki i ngā horopaki ako e whai pānga ake ana ki tō rātou hapori tonu, ki te iwi, ā, ki te mātauranga Māori hoki. Ko tētahi tauira o tēnei, ko tā rātou tohu i te wā mā te maramataka.

E ai ki ngā kaiako, ka whakamahi rātou i ngā whakamāoritanga o ngā taumata pāngarau, me te panoni tonu i ērā kia uru mai ngā horopaki o te ao Māori. He mahi nui, he mahi roa hoki ki te panoni me te whakariterite i aua rauemi hei whakamahinga mā ngā ākonga. E ai ki ngā kaiako, e whakapau ana aua mahi i te wā mō te aro matua kē ki te kaupapa o te whakaako me te ako.

He aha ngā āhuatanga e tika ana mō te whakapuakitanga o te kounga kairangi o ngā whakaakoranga me ngā akoranga o te pāngarau?

Pērā anō hoki i te reo matatini, ki tā ngā kaiako titiro, e tika ana te whiwhi wawe i ngā rauemi me te whakawhanaketanga ako ngaio e whai pānga ana, e wāhi pūtake ana hoki, hei whakapuaki i ngā hōtaka whakaako me ngā hōtaka akoranga o te kounga kairangi. Ka whakamihia e te kura nei te tautoko ka ahu mai i ētahi atu kura o Te Aho Matua, ā, he mea nui anō hoki te whakawhanaketanga ako ngaio o roto e whakaratohia ana, hei hāpai i te kaupapa. Ki tā ngā kaiako me ngā kaiārahi, kāhore he rauemi, he whakawhanaketanga ako ngaio hoki e tika ana mō ngā kura o Te Aho Matua. He āhuatanga tēnei hei whakatutuki, kia pai ake ai te tautoko i ngā kura rumaki reo Māori me ngā kura o Te Aho Matua.

Kei te ū hoki te whakaaro, puta noa i te kura, mō rātou ngā tāngata e whakawhanake ana i ngā rauemi me ngā whakawhanaketanga ako ngaio ā meāke nei, e tika ana kia whāia kētia e rātou te mātauranga rumaki reo Māori, ā, me hōhonu hoki te māramatanga ki te ao Māori me te mātauranga Māori. E tino whakapono ana ngā kura, ka āta whakatairangatia ā rātou hōtaka ina ka pēnā te whakaratonga o ngā tūmomo rauemi me ngā whakawhanaketanga ako ngaio.

Tanya Savage
Te Pou Mataaho - Manager Evaluation and Research – Māori Services

Te Reo Matatini me Pāngarau Case Study: Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Tupoho, Whanganui

Te Horopaki o te Rangahau | Research context

Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Tupoho is in Whanganui. As a Māori-medium kura they provide education based on the philosophy of Ta Aho Matua for students from Years 1-13 and their whānau. The kura has a roll of 149 students, all of which identify as Māori. There are 17 teaching staff. 

Like all Māori-medium kura, te reo Māori is the language of instruction. The overarching goal of Te Aho Matua is that students are high achievers who exemplify the hopes and aspirations of their people. Te Aho Matua philosophy for teaching and learning is based on the following unique and distinctive values and beliefs. 

Te Tino Uaratanga o Te Aho Matua are: 

Te Ira Tangata – The student develops physical, spiritual and emotional wellbeing, an awareness of his or her individual uniqueness and knowledge and respect for him or herself and others
Te Reo Māori - The student is a competent thinker, speaker, reader and writer of Te Reo Māori and English
Ngā Iwi - The student is secure in the knowledge of ancestral links, and the hopes and aspirations of whānau, hāpu and iwi
Te Ao - The student knows the contemporary and traditional views of te Ao Māori, the wider world and the physical and natural world
Āhuatanga Ako - The student is intellectually stimulated in an environment conducive to learning.

Students are supported to grow their individual talents and potential to align with the aspirations of excellence as outlined in te tino uaratanga. Students are confident in who they are and where they are from. They are developing as capable communicators in te reo Māori and maintain positive relationships with others. 

The research team visited Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Tupoho in July 2021 and spoke with two kaiako of te reo matatini and pāngarau to gain their perspectives.

Ngā Kitenga - Findings: Te Reo Matatini

Success for students in Te Reo Matatini

Kaiako and leaders reported that for them success in te reo matatini was linked to students demonstrating an appreciation for both te reo matatini and te reo Māori. Both kura and whānau held clear aspirations for students:

To be proficient in te reo Māori
To succeed to their potential
To be confident and knowledgeable in their identity.

Kura and whānau identified the key factors that contributed to this were learning programmes which are stimulating and relevant to student interests. Kaiako strive to ensure student learning is led by individual goals.

“Kei ia tamaiti tana ake ahurei tana whāinga me ōnā pūkenga^[1]”. – Kaiako voice

Kaiako provide authentic learning experiences relevant to the local area which supports more purposeful and meaningful learning connections for students. Kaiako focus on ensuring students are developing in their ability to direct their own learning as they focus on utilising effective teaching pedagogy to fully support students.

This kura reported that most students are exceeding expectations due to the support that kura and whānau provide.

What is the current provision of Te Reo Matatini?

Kaiako and leaders focused on providing learning opportunities in te reo matatini that were relevant, authentic, and meaningful. In this kura, teaching and learning is based around NCEA standards and assessments, but they have a desire to move beyond this to a more original and organic learning programme for students. This kura is moving towards developing a marau ā-kura where they intend to integrate subject areas and mātauranga Māori. This kura is planning to embed te reo matatini across all learning programmes to ensure a greater focus on authentic learning experiences for students. This kura and whānau has clear aspirations of drawing from local knowledge, history, and landmarks to ensure learning contexts are relevant and appropriate. These types of learning experiences support students to develop a strong sense of identity.

“He tino angitū, te tihi o te maunga, ngā hiahia o te whānau ... ko te reo, te ekenga o te tamaiti me te hono ki te kāinga^[2]”. - Kaiako voice

What is required to deliver high quality teaching and learning in te reo matatini?

All kaiako and leaders agree that having appropriate and relevant resources and professional learning and development (PLD) are required to deliver high quality teaching and learning programmes. Kaiako reported a lack of appropriate resources and PLD available in te reo matatini and believed there needed to be more focus on providing these based on a Te Aho Matua context.

Kaiako had connected with experts in other kura to support the enhancement of teacher pedagogy and programmes. Kaiako found it helpful to attend wānanga reo with other kaiako from other kura.

Ngā Kitenga - Findings: Pāngarau

What does success look like for students in pāngarau?

Kaiako and leaders had a strong belief that student success required a solid base in pāngarau and as such it was essential that students had a sound knowledge and skillset in all areas of pāngarau. It was important that students were well supported and extended in their learning. The kura have expectations that all students would experience success and achieve well with NCEA. Most students exceed expectations due to the support whānau provide for students. From their perspective, key factors that develop these attributes include:

Providing teaching programmes aligned to Te Aho Matua – encouraging stimulation and enjoyment within pāngarau
Cohesive teaching across the kura – focusing on one whenu at a time
Providing additional and structure support for students experiencing difficulties through their kura wide programme ‘Aka Matua’

What is the current provision of pāngarau?

Pāngarau is taught as a standalone subject and is focused on NCEA standards. Students in Years 9 and 10 experience 3-4 hours of contact time each week in pāngarau classes. Kaiako use a range of effective strategies that support student learning and builds the capability of students to direct their own learning. The use of digital online games which engage learners with pāngarau concepts is common in classroom sessions. Kaiako at this kura use a wide range of digital resources to support learners.

“e koa ana o te ngākau ki te mahi kemu. I te tīmatanga, kei te mōhio te tamaiiti kei te ako tonu, engari nā te pono o taua tamaiiti ka mau^[3]”. – Kaiako voice

Kaiako are currently trialing ways to introduce learning contexts that are more relevant to their local area, iwi and mātauranga Māori. An example of this is that they have started measuring time using maramataka.

Kaiako report using the translations of the mathematics standards and further modifying them to include te ao Māori contexts. This takes additional time and resource to modify and prepare these for student use. Kaiako note this detracts valuable time away from the core kaupapa of teaching and learning.

What is required to deliver high quality teaching and learning in pāngarau?

As with te reo matatini, kaiako report the need for appropriate and relevant resources and PLD to deliver high quality teaching and learning programmes. This kura acknowledges the support that they gain from other Te Aho Matua kura and values the internal PLD provided to support the kaupapa. Kaiako and leaders report that there is a real lack of resources and PLD appropriate to Te Aho Matua kura. This needs to be addressed to better support kura in Māori-medium and Te Aho Matua kura.

There is a firm belief across the kura, that the people developing future resources and PLD need to come from a Māori-medium background and possess a deep understanding of te ao Māori and mātauranga Māori. Kura clearly believe that their programmes would be greatly enhanced if there was a provision for such resources and PLD.